Yayasan Sabah Group backs Maliau initiative

Published on: Sunday, July 21, 2024

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Participants from Camp 9 getting down to the earthy details.

Third of a series

IT IS a realm where time appears to stand still under a dense rainforest canopy that extends as far as the eye can see, accompanied by the symphony of nature’s most elusive creatures.

Known as “Sabah’s Lost World”, the Maliau Basin Conservation Area (MBCA) is a concealed treasure. This place is far more than just a nature reserve; it is a dynamic testament to the wonders of the natural world, transporting visitors back to an era when the earth thrived–wild and untouched.

On May 13-26, this year, Yayasan Sabah Group conducted a Maliau Basin Resources and Wildlife Survey, aiming to bolster conservation efforts throughout this expansive area and to explore the hidden ecological treasures of the Basin.

According to the Director of Yayasan Sabah, Dato’ Sri Haji Gulamhaidar @ Yusof bin Khan Bahadar: “The Yayasan Sabah Group is in the process of developing the third MBCA Strategic Management Plan. To support this initiative, a comprehensive wildlife and resource survey has been conducted to collect up-to-date data on the diversity of flora, fauna, and animal species within the MBCA and its surrounding area.”

The MBCA is designated as a Class I (Protection) Forest Reserve, encompassing a protected area of 58,840 hectares per the Maliau Basin Forest Rules 1998. It is the first conservation area in Malaysia to receive certification from the Global Sustainable Tourism Council (GSTC), demonstrating adherence to the highest international standards for social and environmental responsibility.

The survey aims to gather crucial data for the MBCA Strategic Management Plan, catalogue the abundance and distribution of wildlife, evaluate the potential for tourism development, and formulate research questions for future investigations.

This survey marks the second iteration, following the initial survey conducted in 2013. Numerous smaller surveys were conducted during the Danish International Development Agency and Yayasan Sabah Group (Danida-YSG) collaboration in preparation to the first Strategic Management Plan.

Dato’ Sri Haji Gulamhaidar elaborated, “With the involvement of over 100 participants, including eminent researchers, government officials, and support staff, we aim to examine every facet comprehensively.”

Led by Sabah Wildlife Department, the Organising Committee for the survey includes an array of esteemed entities such as the Sabah Forestry Department, Sabah Parks, Hutan-KOCP, WWF-Malaysia, the Sabah Environmental Trust, the Sabah Tourist Guides Association, and several universities.

The committee has designated nine campsites strategically within a 5 km radius to ensure exhaustive area coverage. Each campsite hosts teams of seasoned conservationists and researchers, experts in diverse disciplines ranging from botany and zoology to ecology and geology, each bringing unique knowledge and experience.

Motivated by a profound purpose, urgency, and the need for action to transform the conservation landscape for a sustainable future, discussions with key figures involved in the Maliau Basin Resources and Wildlife survey revealed their deep commitment and invaluable insights.

These conversations underscored the dedication of these individuals to pioneering efforts that aim to protect and enhance the natural heritage of this critical ecosystem.

Situated at the Maliau Basin’s Security Gate along Jalan Sapulut-Kalabakan, Dr Rahimatsah Amat from Sabah Environmental Trust (SET) and his team, also known as Camp 9 meticulously document the area’s biodiversity by adopting a systematic approach, dividing the survey team into specialised groups, each with specific daily tasks. One group oversaw the mist net, another conducted trail surveys, and a separate team identified unlawful activity or construction hotspots.

Dr Rahimatsah

When asked about significant characteristics in the vicinity of their campsite, Dr Rahimatsah explained, “One of the area’s fascinating geological features is the presence of mud volcanoes, a phenomenon unique to the region.

Scattered across several locations, these formations play a crucial role in the local ecosystem by attracting a diverse range of iconic wildlife. Multiple elephant sightings were recorded during the survey, with five groups observed in the area over several days.

“The minerals found in the mud volcanoes are believed to be vital for the well-being of various mammal species, including Bantengs, Elephants, Deer, Proboscis Monkeys, and Bearded pigs.”

Dr Rahimatsah added, the necessity of conducting further comprehensive studies to comprehend the geological importance of these mud volcanoes fully. This entails analysing the minerals and mapping the area, including adjacent sites, to identify other intriguing geological features.

He also noted that the local community plays a crucial role in conservation efforts:

“Despite the lack of permanent settlements, the area provides excellent job prospects for the community as guides, porters, and rangers. Leveraging their in-depth understanding and cultural insights enhances visitors’ experiences.

“Furthermore, these opportunities not only support local economies but also promote sustainable tourism practices, ensuring the preservation of the area for future generations. This symbiotic relationship underscores the importance of community involvement in the stewardship of natural resources.

“I implore Yayasan Sabah Group to address infrastructural and human capital challenges for sustainable tourism development. Additionally, by engaging with local communities and addressing traditional practices like hunting for bushmeat, we can foster a deeper sense of conservation and environmental stewardship. This holistic approach will benefit the environment and contribute to the long-term success of tourism in the region,” he said.

Meanwhile, at Camp 4 in Kampung Tudungin, Rayner Bili from the Sabah Forestry Department (Ulu Segama Malua), outlined the team’s strategic approach. Faced with challenging terrain, where access is limited and requires boat transportation along the Pinangah River, the team is divided into three groups.

Participants from Camp 4 navigating through the shallow waters.

Each group is assigned to cover a specific area, including the nearby village, oil palm estates, and buffer zone, ensuring a comprehensive study of the area’s ecosystem.

“Through our survey, we documented abundant wildlife sightings within the area, including Sun Bears, Flying Squirrels, Monkeys, and much more. We also discovered a stunning waterfall nestled within the landscape, which added to its allure,” Rayner explained.

“We were also fortunate to gain insights into the local community’s rich cultural heritage. We also discovered their traditional boat-making methods, which testify to their craftsmanship and deep-rooted connection to the river. We also learned about the Murut Tangala’s funeral rites, a solemn ceremony that underscores the community’s reverence for their ancestors and spiritual beliefs,” Rayner added.

“Conservation is not just about protecting natural ecosystems, but also about preserving local communities’ cultural norms and traditions. Understanding and respecting cultural heritage is a crucial part of a holistic approach to conservation. Traditions like boatbuilding and ceremonial rites, are deeply connected to the natural environment and offer valuable insights into sustainable living. Therefore, I hope Yayasan Sabah Group will include cultural preservation in its Strategic Management Plan. By respecting and perpetuating the expertise and traditions of local communities, we can foster a more inclusive and effective approach to environmental stewardship,” he reiterated.

Rayner reflects on the significance of youth involvement in conservation efforts. He notes, “Based on this survey, it is evident that young individuals are increasingly stepping into leadership roles, bringing not just new perspectives but also the potential for innovative solutions and the implementation of actions on the ground to drive conservation initiatives.”

“The future is in the hands of the younger generation, who will inevitably bear the brunt of today’s decisions. Hence, the transition towards youth leadership is not just important but urgent. It ensures that the next generation’s voices and ideas are heard and actively integrated into decision-making processes. By empowering young individuals to assume leadership roles, we can lay the foundation for a more sustainable and equitable future.”

The echoes of age-old traditions still reverberate through contemporary conservation efforts. The quest for sustainable solutions becomes more crucial as we strive to safeguard natural habitats and uphold cultural traditions. This twin emphasis on preserving both our cultural heritage and biodiversity is essential, setting the stage for a sustainable future and ensuring that the legacies of our past endure alongside the natural world.

Assistant District Forestry Officer of Sabah Forestry Department (Ulu Segama Malua), Rayner Bili (left). Senior Programme Officer of WWF Malaysia, Suzika Juiling.

Nestled in the vibrant Inarad Tourism Zone, just a short distance from Kampung Tudungin lies the bustling village of Kampung Inarad. This lively community, home to Camp 3’s survey activities, serves as a cultural and social vibrancy centre, providing visitors with a window into the rich mosaic of local life.

According to Camp 3 leader, Suzika Juiling, from WWF Malaysia:

“Our base camp is 20 minutes away by boat from the village. This strategic location boasts a high elevation overlooking the picturesque Namatoi River stream, nestled perfectly along its ‘S’ bend.

“We employed a variety of methods to gather comprehensive data. These included camera traps to capture images of elusive wildlife, mist netting for bird and bat species, and pitfall traps for smaller terrestrial animals. Additionally, we conducted transect walks and used drones to survey the harder-to-reach areas such as the Linumunsut Lake.

“During our survey, we discovered areas where extensive logging or clear-cutting had occurred. Although this initially affected the regrowth of fast-growing trees, it has allowed for the thriving growth of shrubs, thick rattans, lianas, and bamboo, enhancing the landscape with various vegetation.”

Suzika and her team documented signs of abundant fauna. They discovered traces of Sambar Deer, evidenced by antler marks on tree trunks, discernible footprints, and designated feeding areas. Additionally, they encountered an active pig wallow, marked by the fresh footprints of a Bearded Pig.

Their investigation further revealed claw marks from Sunbears on tree trunks. Utilising strategically placed camera traps, the team successfully captured images of these protected species, both within the state land bordering the Maliau Buffer Zone Forest Reserve and inside the reserve itself. This evidence highlights the diverse and thriving animal life that calls this sanctuary home.

Lake Linumunsut.

“We encountered three species of squirrels and identified four species of monkeys, including the Bornean Gibbon, Long-tailed Macaque, Short-tailed Macaque, and Western Tarsier. Our survey also revealed approximately 80 bird species observed during recce walks, mist nets, and around the base camp. Moreover, we also discovered eight fish species,” she added.

Suzika highlighted the importance of promoting Linumunsut Lake, the sole non-oxbow lake nestled beneath the northern escarpment’s outer banks, as a critical attraction to draw visitors to MBCA. She pointed out its allure as a destination for “dark tourism,” emphasising the lake’s profound historical significance and its potential to captivate those intrigued by the more profound, often sombre narratives of the places they visit. This focus on Linumunsut Lake enhances its visibility and enriches the broader appeal of the conservation area.

“The Lake Linumunsut presents a unique opportunity to explore the area’s untouched beauty. The journey to the lake takes about three days and two nights to reach, followed by an equivalent duration for the return trip.

It involves navigating rugged terrains and the Namatoi River stream with the assistance of local communities and their traditional wooden boats. Hence, embarking on a journey to Lake Linumunsut from Kampung Inarad is a rare feat reserved for the adventurous few willing to conquer its arduous path,” she explained.

“Without a doubt, the Inarad Tourism Zone holds immense potential for eco-tourism activities, ranging from river cruises and water rafting on the Pinangah River to vibrant cultural performances by local villagers.

These activities attract tourists and play a crucial role in preserving the MBCA. By maintaining the integrity of the surrounding areas, including managing carrying capacities and reducing encroachment, these activities contribute significantly to the socio-economic needs of the communities and the infrastructure development in Kampung Inarad,” she stressed.

“Involving the Inarad communities in preserving the MBCA will significantly reduce conflicts of interest and pave the way for seamless management of the conservation areas through mutual understanding and involvement of all stakeholders. For instance, in our surveyed areas, the knowledge and practices of the Inarad communities are invaluable due to their expertise in the surrounding areas and the route to Linumunsut Lake. She concluded that their extensive experience is crucial for safely navigating the boat through certain challenging points, underscoring the importance of community expertise and guidance.”

The fungi of Maliau Basin Conservation Area, often referred to as nature’s unsung heroes.

The Maliau Basin Resources and Wildlife Survey has provided a deeper understanding of the area’s rich and complex ecosystem. The discoveries made during the survey not only add to the scientific knowledge of the region but also emphasise the critical need for ongoing conservation efforts. Protecting the MBCA goes beyond preserving a part of Malaysia’s natural heritage; it is about safeguarding a globally significant reservoir of biodiversity.

As we move forward, we must address the threats of deforestation, illegal hunting, and climate change with robust and well-informed strategies. Sustainable practices and conservation policies must be reinforced and adapted to meet the challenges ahead.

The survey’s findings will catalyse increased support, funding, and awareness, ensuring that MBCA remains a beacon of biodiversity and a symbol of successful conservation efforts.

In conclusion, the MBCA is a testament to nature’s resilience and beauty. With concerted efforts and a shared vision for conservation, we can preserve this unique ecosystem, allowing it to flourish and inspire future generations. Let the MBCA remind us what is at stake and a call to action to protect our planet’s most precious natural resources. After all, by nurturing our nature, we also secure our children’s future.